乌鲁木齐市新市区大气气溶胶中多环芳烃的GC/MS分析

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC/MS)分析测定了乌鲁木齐市新市区的大气气溶胶样品16种EPA优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量。通过索氏提取气溶胶样品,抽提物经硅胶层析柱分离,使用16种多环芳烃混合标准样品绘制标准曲线,以外标法对PAHs进行定量分析,并根据所得数据浅析了多环芳烃污染来源。结果表明,乌鲁木齐市新市区大气中由于汽车尾气排放和煤的燃烧造成的多环芳烃污染均存在。     

梯度淋洗快速分析水中多环芳香烃

根据流动相极性理论，采用梯度淋洗一检测器编程方法检测多环芳烃，大大缩短了分析时间，并提高了灵敏度和精密度．为进一步定量分析提供了优良的途径。     

Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of Kaohsiung Harbour and adjacent coast, Taiwan

Surficial sediment samples collected from Kaohsiung Harbour and its nearby coast were analyzed for aliphatic hydrocarbons and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). According to our results, the average total concentrations of n-alkanes (n-C₁₂ to C₃₅) and aromatics (15 PAHs) were 4.33 µg g^–1 dry weight (ranged 0.46–22.60) and 0.59 µg g^–1 dry weight (ranged 0.09–1.75), respectively. The highest concentrations of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were recorded in stations near the estuaries of Qianzhen River and Love River, respectively. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in the samples indicate that there has been significant non-petrogenic, possibly terrestrial, contribution in the sediment of the open coast of Kaohsiung Harbour and that there has been dominant contribution from petrogenic sources in the sediment of the inner harbour. PAHs, detected in the samples, however, indicated a higher pyrolytic contribution in open-coast samples and a higher petrogenic contribution in the inner harbour. Overall, sediment concentrations of total alkanes in this study were comparable to those found in Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong and are higher than those found in Xiamen Harbour, China. Concentrations of total PAHs in inner Kaohsiung Harbour sediments were relatively lower than those found in Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong and Xiamen Harbour, China, but comparable to those found in Hsin-ta Harbour, Taiwan and Incheon Harbour, Korea. In comparison with several effect-based sediment quality guidelines, most PAH concentrations found in samples taken from inner harbour stations exceeded the Threshold Effect Level of Florida indicating a slight possibility of adverse effects.     

CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON (HCB, DDTs AND PCBs LEVELS IN CETACEANS STRANDED ALONG THE ITALIAN COASTS: AN OVERVIEW

Concentrations of HCB, DDTs and PCBs in the tissues andorgans of cetaceans ( Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus, Balaenoptera physalus, Steno bredanensis}, Grampus griseus} and Globicephala melaena) strandedalong the Italian coasts in the period 1987–1993 are reported. The values are compared between speciesand between specimens of the samespecies. Chlorinated hydrocarbon (CH) levels were found toincrease in relation to the quantity andtype of lipids in each tissue and organ. Differences inaccumulation encountered in the differentspecies are principally due to different feeding habitats.Remarkable differences found between malesand females of each species confirm that during gestation andlactation, females undergo disintoxication by passing much of their total burden of CHs to their young.     

光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪快速测定空气中苯系物

本文研究了使用光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪，直接测定空气中ｍｇ／ｍ３级苯系物（苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻、间、对位的二甲苯及异丙苯）的快速分析方法。方法的线性范围为０～１００ｍｇ／ｍ３，相关系数均在０．９９９以上，方法的变异系数分别为２．９～１２．５％（５ｍｇ／ｍ３），３．４～７．９％（３０ｍｇ／ｍ３），方法最低检测限达０．２～１．０ｍｇ／ｍ３。     

厦门港和员当湖表层沉积物中的石油烃和多环芳香烃

2002年4月厦门港沿岸设9个站，员当湖设两个站采集表层沉积物，用有机溶剂萃取，硅胶柱色层分离，气相色谱—质谱联机带SIM数据采集系统对样品的石油烃类(M／Z=55)，多环芳香烃类进行分析，结果显示员当湖石油烃和多环芳香烃质量分数分别高达1397和1376．5ng／g。厦门港船只活动，厦门港四周工业废水、车辆燃油滴漏是石油烃和多环芳香烃污染的主要来源。     

多环芳烃的几种理化参数与LC_(50)的相关性研究

对多环芳烃(PAHS)4种理化参数(K;W、Sw。X Vv。)与 LCO的相关关系进行了研究,建立了 4种一元线性回归方程。结果表明,4种参数的相关系数分别为:0.刀66、08083、09488、0.9570,经r检验,后两种属高度显著相关.用所建立的一元线性回归方程对7种PAHS的LC。进行估算,估算值与实测值相比,平均相对误差分别为58.84％、32.23％、1761％、198％,用l和V＊.H对LClj进行估算的估算精度也较高。经比较,提出用(。估算P＊比对麦穗鱼＊CO的新方法。     

Quantitative structure - activity study on the reductivedehalogenation potency of the halogenated aromatics

Ｑｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ－ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｄｅｈａｌｏｇｅｎａｔｉｏｎｐｏｔｅｎｃｙｏｆｔｈｅｈａｌｏｇｅｎａｔｅｄａｒｏｍａｔｉｃｓＨｕａｎｇＱｉｎｇｇｕｏ；ＷａｎｇＬｉａｎｓｈｅｎｇ；Ｈａｎ...     

利用混合C9重芳烃回收磺酸盐装置的技术经济分析

介绍了回收磺酸盐生产工艺 ,对其装置的产品成本进行了测算 ,并对盈亏平衡及其敏感性进行了分析 ,进而确定了主要经济指标。     

苯并(a)芘在黄河水体不同粒径颗粒物上的表面吸附和分配作用特征

模拟实验研究了苯并(a)芘在黄河水体不同粒径颗粒物上的吸附作用,重点探讨了颗粒物粒径对苯并(a)芘的表面吸附和分配作用的影响.结果表明:(1)苯并(a)芘在黄河水体颗粒物上的吸附符合表面吸附-分配作用复合模式(2)苯并(a)芘在粒径d≥0.025 mm颗粒物上的吸附以表面吸附为主,表面吸附对吸附的贡献在68.7%至82.4%之间;当苯并(a)芘液相平衡浓度为0～8.87μg·L-1时,其在粒径0 007 mm≤d＜0.025 mm颗粒物上的吸附以表吸附作用为主,当液相平衡浓度大于8.87μg·L-1时,吸附以分配作用为主;苯并(a)芘在粒径d＜0.007 mm颗粒物上的吸附以分配作用为主;(3)苯并(a)芘在不同粒径颗粒物上的表面吸附对总吸附的贡献大小顺序为:(d≥0.025 mm)＞(0.007 mm≤d＜0 025 mm)＞(d＜0.007 mm);(4)苯并(a)芘在不同粒径颗粒物中的分配系数与有机质含量呈线性相关,其标化分配系数Koc约为1.26×105L·kg-1.